Wednesday, August 21, 2013

Compare and contrast Mitosis and Meiosis

MeiosisMitosis
Definition:A type of cellular reproduction in which the number of chromosomes are reduced by half through the separation of homologous chromosomes, producing two haploid cells.A process of asexual reproduction in which the cell divides in two producing a replica, with an equal number of chromosomes in each resulting diploid cell.
Function:sexual reproductionCellular Reproduction & general growth and repair of the body
Type of Reproduction:SexualAsexual
Occurs in:Humans, animals, plants, fungiall organisms
Genetically:differentidentical
Crossing Over:Yes, mixing of chromosomes can occur.No, crossing over cannot occur.
Pairing of Homologues:YesNo
Number of Divisions:21
Number of Daughter Cells produced:4 haploid cells2 diploid cells
Chromosome Number:Reduced by halfRemains the same
Steps:The steps of meiosis are Interphase, Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I, Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II and Telophase II.The steps of mitosis are Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase and Cytokinesis
Karyokenesis:Occurs in Interphase IOccurs in Interphase
Cytokenesis:Occurs in Telophase I & Telohpase IIOccurs in Telophase
Centromeres Split:The centromeres do not separate during anaphase I, but during anaphase IIThe centromeres split during Anaphase
Creates:Sex cells only: Female egg cells or Male sperm cellsMakes everything other than sex cells
Discovered by:Oscar HertwigWalther Flemming

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